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I'm Shirley Griffith.
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And I'm Rich Kleinfeldt with the VOA Special English program, People in America. Today, we tell the story of actor James Stewart. His movies were loved by people around the world.
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James Maitland Stewart was born in the small eastern town of Indiana, Pennsylvania, in nineteen-oh-eight. His father had a hardware store that had been owned by the Stewart family since the eighteen-fifties.
During high school, Jimmy played football, and acted in plays. He also learned to play the accordion. He took the accordion with him to college at Princeton University, where he joined a musical group called the Triangle Club. Through the club, he met students interested in performing.
Jimmy studied architecture at Princeton. He graduated in nineteen-thirty-two. Just before graduation, a friend asked him to join an acting group for the summer. Jimmy agreed because he thought it would be a good way to meet girls.
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Jimmy Stewart said later that if his friend had not asked him to join the summer theater group, he would never have been an actor. He would have returned home to help his father in the store. Instead, he met a number of good young actors while performing that summer in Cape Cod, Massachusetts. One was Henry Fonda, who would be a friend throughout his life.
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Jimmy Stewart performed in Broadway plays in New York City until the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer movie company gave him an acting job. He moved to California in nineteen-thirty-five. He acted in more than twenty-four movies over the next six years. He appeared in all kinds of movies: funny ones, sad ones and musical ones. He even sang a song in the movie "Born to Dance." It is called "Easy to Love":
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The movie that made Jimmy Stewart a real Hollywood star was "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington." It was released in nineteen-thirty-nine. The next year, he won an Academy Award for best actor in "The Philadelphia Story."
The night he won the Academy Award, his father called him on the telephone from Pennsylvania. "I hear you won some kind of an award," Alex Stewart said. "You had better bring it back here and we'll put it in the window of the store." Jimmy Stewart's Oscar statue stayed in the window of Stewart's hardware store in Indiana, Pennsylvania, for twenty-five years.
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Jimmy Stewart was already an established and successful actor when World War Two started in Europe. Early in nineteen-forty-one, he tried to join the Army. But he was rejected because he did not weigh enough. So he started eating high fat foods and tried again. This time, he was accepted for military service.
The Army put him in the Air Corps because he already knew how to pilot a plane. In nineteen-forty-three, he went to Europe as commander of an Air Force bomber group. He flew more than twenty combat missions, leading as many as one-thousand planes at a time over Germany. He returned to the United States in nineteen-forty-five as a colonel.
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Jimmy Stewart won several military awards for excellent performance under very dangerous conditions. He remained in the air force reserve after the war. In nineteen-fifty-nine he was made a general. Each year, he took part in two weeks of active military duty. In nineteen-sixty-six, he requested combat duty and took part in a bombing strike over Vietnam.
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After World War Two, Jimmy Stewart returned to Hollywood. He found that his new movies were not as popular as his earlier ones had been. One example was "It's a Wonderful Life." It was released in nineteen-forty-six. The movie was not a success at first. But over time it has become one of the best loved American movies.
Jimmy Stewart said in later years that "It's a Wonderful Life" was the movie he liked best. It tells the story of a small town man who feels the world would have been better if he had never lived. An angel comes to him and shows him that this is not true. The movie celebrated values like loyalty and love of family.
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Jimmy Stewart decided to play other kinds of parts after what seemed to be the failure of "It's a Wonderful Life." He was a reporter in "Call Northside Seven-Seven-Seven" the next year. He was a suspicious head of a school in the murder movie "Rope" in nineteen-forty-eight. In the nineteen-fifties, he appeared in many western movies such as "Winchester Seventy-Three" and "Broken Arrow."
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Jimmy Stewart enjoyed his greatest popularity in the nineteen-fifties. In nineteen-fifty-nine, he won awards from the Venice Film Festival, the New York Film Critics and the Film Daily Writers. The awards honored him for his performance in the movie "Anatomy of a Murder." He was the defense attorney for an army officer accused of murder. He was nominated for an Academy Award for that movie. He was also nominated for an Academy Award for playing a man who has an imaginary rabbit friend, in the movie "Harvey."
Jimmy Stewart is well-known for his work with the famous director of mystery movies, Alfred Hitchcock. These movies included "The Man Who Knew Too Much," "Rear Window" and "Vertigo." Mr. Stewart also played real heroes in several movies. He was band leader Glenn Miller in "The Glenn Miller Story." And he was pilot Charles Lindbergh in "The Spirit of Saint Louis."
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Jimmy Stewart appeared in fewer films in the nineteen-sixties. He was a senator in the Old West in "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance." In "The Shootist" he was a doctor in a small town. He also appeared on television. But his two television shows were not successful.
Mr. Stewart began experiencing health problems as he aged. He had heart disease, skin cancer and hearing loss. But he found time to travel. And he published a book of poetry in nineteen-eighty-nine. It sold more than three-hundred-thousand copies.
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In nineteen-eighty, Jimmy Stewart was honored by the American Film Institute with an award for his lifetime work. Three years later, he received a Kennedy Center honor for his work. And in nineteen-eighty-five, President Ronald Reagan gave him the nation's highest civilian award, the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
People who knew Jimmy Stewart did not praise him just because he was a good actor and a war hero. They said Jimmy Stewart was one of the nicest people they had ever met. He was a man who lived by the values he was taught as a child in that small town in Pennsylvania.
He went back to Indiana, Pennsylvania, in nineteen-eighty-three, for his seventieth birthday. The town held a huge celebration in his honor. President Reagan sent planes to fly over the court house. Parades were held. And a statue of him was placed in the town center.
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Jimmy Stewart married Gloria Hatrick McLean in nineteen-forty-nine. She had two sons from an earlier marriage. Jimmy raised them as his own. One of the boys was killed during the Vietnam War while serving in the Marine Corps. Jimmy and Gloria also had twin daughters.
Gloria Stewart died in nineteen-ninety-four. Friends said Jimmy Stewart was never the same after that. They said he withdrew into his house because he did not know what to do without her. His health got worse. He died on July the second, nineteen-ninety-seven.
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Jimmy Stewart's daughter Kelly Harcourt spoke at his funeral in Beverly Hills. She reminded mourners of the message of her father's favorite movie, "It's a Wonderful Life" -- no man is poor who has friends. "Here's to our father," she said, "the richest man in town."
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This Special English program was written by Nancy Steinbach and produced by Lawan Davis. I'm Rich Kleinfeldt.
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And I'm Shirley Griffith. Join us again next week at this time for another People in America program on VOA.